pp.kurtosis <- function (x) { # placed in the public domain 2011 by Burns Statistics if(is.data.frame(x)) x <- as.matrix(x) if(is.matrix(x)) { colMeans(scale(x, scale=FALSE)^4) / apply(x, 2, sd)^4 } else { mean((x - mean(x))^4) / sd(x)^4 } } pp.skew <- function (x) { # placed in the public domain 2011 by Burns Statistics if(is.data.frame(x)) x <- as.matrix(x) if(is.matrix(x)) { colMeans(scale(x, scale=FALSE)^3) / apply(x, 2, sd)^3 } else { mean((x - mean(x))^3) / sd(x)^3 } }